PHP dynamically generates HTML content by running scripts on the server side, making the website interactive and real-time. 1. It obtains data from the database according to user requests and dynamically splices web page content, realizing that a set of code supports a large number of pages; 2. PHP often cooperates with MySQL to handle functions such as login verification, comment system, etc. that require data storage and query; 3. Use template engines (such as Smarty or Blade) or view separation technology to separate logic from presentation to improve code maintainability; 4. Combining cache mechanisms such as OPcache and Memcached to optimize performance, reduce duplicate parsing and database pressure, thereby efficiently supporting dynamic website operations.
How does PHP power dynamic websites? In a word, it makes the web page "live" by running scripts on the server side, generating and returning different HTML content based on user requests.

How did dynamic content come about?
The content of the static website is fixed, and each page corresponds to a dead HTML file. However, websites made with PHP are different. The page content is often spliced in real time based on user operations and data in the database. For example, if you visit a blog post page, the URL may be post.php?id=123
, and this 123
is the article ID. PHP will go to the database to find this article with ID 123, then fill in the title, text, and author information into the web page template, and finally send it to the browser to display.
The benefits of doing this are obvious: a set of code can handle thousands of articles without having to add an HTML page for every new article. Moreover, as long as you change the data of the database, you can change the content of the page without moving the code.

How to cooperate with PHP and database?
Almost all dynamic websites need to store and query a large amount of data, and the database will be used at this time. The most common combination is MySQL. PHP provides a variety of ways to connect to databases, such as mysqli and PDO.
To give a simple example: when you log in to a website, enter the username and password and click to log in. The PHP script will use the username you entered to go to the database to check if there is any person, and then compare whether the password is correct. If it matches, mark you as logged in (usually implemented with session or cookies); if it doesn't match, it will prompt an error.

This method is not only used for logging in, but is also widely used in comment systems, shopping carts, user settings, etc., where personalized display or interactive functions are required.
Separation of template engine from structure
Many PHP websites in the early days were mixed, and HTML and PHP code were mixed together. Although they could work, they were very troublesome to maintain. Later, everyone began to use template engines or at least perform structural separation.
For example, using Smarty or more modern Blade (used by Laravel), separate business logic and presentation logic. PHP mainly deals with data, executes queries, etc., and the actual output of HTML is completed by the template. This not only makes the code clearer, but also makes it easier for front-end personnel to modify the page style without affecting the back-end logic.
Of course, you don’t have to use a template engine. You can also achieve similar effects through PHP’s own include, require and view files. for example:
// Controller part $title = "My Homepage"; $content = "Welcome to my website!"; include 'template.php';
<!-- template.php --> <html> <head><title><?php echo $title; ?></title></head> <body><?php echo $content; ?></body> </html>
This can also achieve a certain degree of separation, suitable for small projects or rapid development.
Performance optimization and caching mechanism
Although PHP is an interpreted language and requires re-parsing and executing scripts for each request, the performance is actually very good if combined with the caching mechanism. For example, OPcache can cache compiled PHP scripts to avoid repeated parsing; it can also cache database query results with Memcached or Redis to reduce database pressure.
In addition, many PHP frameworks (such as Laravel and Symfony) now come with caching components, which can easily cache entire pages, some modules or interface data. For example, if you access a list of popular articles with high frequency, you can cache them for a few minutes, which not only reduces the burden on the server, but also speeds up the response speed.
Basically that's it. The advantages of PHP are easy to get started, mature ecosystem, and simple deployment, so it is still one of the important tools for building dynamic websites.
The above is the detailed content of How PHP Powers Dynamic Websites. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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