Using the HTML `` and `` elements for media.
Jul 02, 2025 pm 03:10 PMThe
In web development, <audio></audio>
and <video></video>
are two very practical HTML elements that allow us to easily embed audio and video content in the page without relying on third-party plugins. These two tags natively support multiple formats and provide rich control options.

Basic usage: How to use <audio></audio>
and <video></video>
To insert an audio or video file, the easiest way to write it is like this:

<audio src="music.mp3" controls></audio> <video src="movie.mp4" controls></video>
-
src
attribute specifies the path to the media file; -
controls
means that the browser comes with control strips (play, pause, volume, etc.) will be displayed.
If you want to be compatible with multiple formats (such as some browsers do not support .webm
), you can write this:
<video controls> <source src="movie.mp4" type="video/mp4"> <source src="movie.webm" type="video/webm"> Your browser does not support the video tag. </video>
The browser will try to load the first format it supports in turn.

Control behavior: automatic playback, loop, mute
In addition to the basic playback function, you can also change the behavior of the media by adding properties:
-
autoplay
: start playback automatically; -
loop
: start again after the playback is over; -
muted
: default muted; -
preload
: controls whether media data is preloaded (optional values:auto
,metadata
,none
);
For example, let a background music automatically play and loop:
<audio src="background-music.mp3" autoplay loop muted></audio>
It should be noted that for user experience, many browsers limit the automatic playback function by default, especially non-silent content. Therefore, it is recommended to use it with muted
, or let the user trigger playback manually.
Custom styles and interactions
Although the browser comes with control strips, sometimes we want to have a more personalized look or operation. At this time, you can hide the default controls and implement the play button, progress bar and other functions yourself:
<video id="myVideo" src="movie.mp4"></video> <button onclick="document.getElementById('myVideo').play()">Play</button> <button onclick="document.getElementById('myVideo').pause()">Pause</button>
You can listen to events through JavaScript, such as:
const video = document.getElementById('myVideo'); video.addEventListener('ended', function() { alert('Video ended'); });
This approach is suitable for scenarios that require a deeply customized playback experience, such as making your own UI interface or interactive course player.
Basically that's it. By mastering the basic structure, control properties and custom methods of <audio></audio>
and <video></video>
, you can meet most web media needs.
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