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MySQL操作：

有很多操作數(shù)據(jù)庫窗口化工具，常用的有免費的Navicat等，原生數(shù)據(jù)庫操作有以下幾種：
1 DDL: 數(shù)據(jù)定義語言(Data Definition Language)
數(shù)據(jù)庫登錄：mysql -u root -p；再輸入密碼就進入MySQL界面；

C:\Users\hao_z>mysql -u root -p
Enter password: ****
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor...
MySQL [(none)]>

顯示數(shù)據(jù)庫列表：show databases；

MySQL [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| laravel            |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+

選擇數(shù)據(jù)表：use 數(shù)據(jù)庫名;

MySQL [(none)]> use laravel;
Database changed
MySQL [laravel]>

2 DML: 數(shù)據(jù)操作語言(Data Manipulation Language)
2.1 創(chuàng)建(Create): INSERT

MySQL [laravel]> INSERT test SET `name`='user';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.005 sec)

2.2 更新(Update): UPDATE

MySQL [laravel]> update test set `time`=1681960338 where `id`=3;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.005 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

2.3 讀取(Read) : SELECT

MySQL [laravel]> select `id`,`name` from `test`;
+----+-------+
| id | name  |
+----+-------+
|  1 | hao   |
|  2 | admin |
|  3 | user  |
+----+-------+

2.4 刪除(Delete): DELETE

MySQL [laravel]> delete from test where id=3;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.002 sec)

3 DCL: 數(shù)據(jù)控制語言(Data Control Language)
3.1 創(chuàng)建用戶：
CREATE USER ‘用戶名’@地址 IDENTIFIED BY ‘密碼’;

 MySQL [laravel]> CREATE USER 'users'@localhost IDENTIFIED BY '123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.025 sec)

3.2 給用戶授權(quán)：
GRANT 權(quán)限1, … , 權(quán)限n ON 數(shù)據(jù)庫.* TO ‘用戶名’@地址;

 MySQL [laravel]> GRANT ALL ON laravel.test TO users@localhost;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.004 sec)

3.3 撤銷授權(quán)：
REVOKE 權(quán)限1, … , 權(quán)限n ON 數(shù)據(jù)庫.* FROM ‘用戶名’@地址;

 MySQL [laravel]> REVOKE  ALL ON  laravel.test  FROM  users@localhost;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)

3.4 查看用戶權(quán)限
SHOW GRANTS FOR ‘用戶名’@地址;

 MySQL [laravel]> show grants for 'users'@localhost;
+------------------------------------+
| Grants for users@localhost         |
+------------------------------------+
| GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'users'@'localhost'                      |
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON `laravel`.`test` TO 'users'@'localhost' |
+------------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.000 sec)

3.5 刪除用戶
DROP USER ‘用戶名’@地址;

 MySQL [laravel]> drop user 'users'@localhost;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)

3.6 修改用戶密碼需要以root身份。

alter user '用戶名'@localhost identified by '新密碼';

表字段類型timestamp與datatime的區(qū)別

區(qū)別一：timestamp 會靈活地根據(jù)服務(wù)器時區(qū)，取出來的時間會做相應(yīng)調(diào)整。datetime則不會。
區(qū)別二： timestamp所能存儲的時間范圍為：'1970-01-01 00:00:01.000000' 到 '2038-01-19 03:14:07.999999'。
datetime所能存儲的時間范圍為：'1000-01-01 00:00:00.000000' 到 '9999-12-31 23:59:59.999999'。

認識PDO

$dsn = 'mysql:host=localhost;dbname=laravel';
try{
    $db = new PDO($dsn,'root', 'root');
}catch(\PDOException $e){
    die('連接失敗'.$e->getMessage());
}
$res = $db->query('select * from test')->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
print_r($res);

Array
(
    [0] => Array
        (
            [id] => 1
            [name] => hao
            [time] => 1681960338
        )
    [1] => Array
        (
            [id] => 2
            [name] => admin
            [time] => 1681960338
        )
)

總結(jié)：

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